The former state union of Serbia and Montenegro (also known as the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia) participated at the Olympic Games on six occasions between 1996 and 2006, when the two states each declared full independence.
History[]
Yugoslavia had been represented at every Summer Olympic Games from 1920–1988, and all but two Winter Olympic Games between 1924–1988. Because of the nation's breakup between 1991 and 1992, Olympic participation changed. Newly independent Croatia and Slovenia sent their own delegations to the Albertville 1992, with Yugoslavia represented by athletes from Bosnia and Herzegovina, Macedonia, Montenegro, and Serbia. These marked the last Olympiad for the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was established in April 1992, consisting of the Republic of Montenegro and the Republic of Serbia. However, United Nations Security Council Resolution 757 (adopted May 30, 1992) called upon states to take the necessary steps to prevent the participation in sporting events on their territory of persons or groups representing the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro).
Despite this, the International Olympic Committee decided unanimously that athletes from Serbia and Montenegro (and also Macedonia) could compete at Barcelona 1992. The conditions imposed the athletes to represent the Independent Olympic Participants (IOP), wearing white outfits without distinctive signs and using the Olympic Anthem and Olympic flag in victory ceremonies. The athletes could not participate at the opening and closing ceremonies of the Games.
A team of 52 athletes competed in individual sporting events, with three medals awarded to the shooters. The restriction for individual athletes entailed that the men's water polo team, the women's basketball, and the men's and women's handball teams barred to compete, despite having qualified for the Games.
The continued sanctions against FR Yugoslavia indicated that no athletes could eligibly participate under the Olympic flag at the 1994 Winter Olympics in Lillehammer. The sanctions were lifted in time for the next Olympiad.
At the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, the team was designated Yugoslavia, using the same IOC code (YUG) as the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in 1988 and previous Games, although FR Yugoslavia had not been recognized as the successor to SFR Yugoslavia. The team composed of 68 athletes participated in 13 sports and won four medals. Four years later in Sydney, the Yugoslavia team selected a team of 111 athletes competing in 14 sports and won three medals.
In 2003, the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia reconstituted as the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro, and the nation was designated Serbia and Montenegro (SCG) for the first time at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens. The team of 87 athletes competed in 14 sports and won two silver medals.
After the Montenegrin independence referendum in 2006, the state union was dissolved and each nation declared independence. The Olympic Committee of Serbia succeeded the NOC for Serbia and Montenegro in June 2006, with approval of the Assembly of the Olympic Committee of Serbia and Montenegro. The newly formed Montenegrin Olympic Committee was recognized by the IOC in July 2007. Serbia returned to the Olympics for the first time in 96 years under its own banner with Montenegro marking its official debut as an independent nation.
Medal table[]
Medals by Summer Games[]
| Games | Athletes | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Atlanta 1996 | 68 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 41 |
| Sydney 2000 | 109 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 44 |
| Athens 2004 | 87 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 61 |
| Total | 2 | 4 | 3 | 9 |
Medals by Winter Games[]
| Games | Athletes | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nagano 1998 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – |
| Salt Lake City 2002 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – |
| Torino 2006 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – |
| Total | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Medals by Summer Sport[]
| Sports | 
|
|
|
Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shooting | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 |
| Volleyball | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| Water polo | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Basketball | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Total | 2 | 4 | 3 | 9 |
Medal winners[]
| Games | Medal | Athlete | Sport | Discipline |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Atlanta 1996 |
|
Aleksandra Ivošev | Shooting | Women's 50m rifle three positions |
| Atlanta 1996 |
|
Miroslav Berić Dejan Bodiroga Predrag Danilović Vlade Divac Aleksandar Đorđević Nikola Lončar Saša Obradović Žarko Paspalj Željko Rebrača Zoran Savić Dejan Tomašević Milenko Topić |
Basketball | Men's tournament |
| Atlanta 1996 |
|
Aleksandra Ivošev | Shooting | Women's 10m air rifle |
| Atlanta 1996 |
|
Vladimir Batez Dejan Brđović Đorđe Đurić Andrija Gerić Nikola Grbić Vladimir Grbić Rajko Jokanović Slobodan Kovač Đula Mešter Žarko Petrović Željko Tanasković Goran Vujević |
Volleyball | Men's tournament |
| Sydney 2000 |
|
Vladimir Batez Slobodan Boškan Andrija Gerić Nikola Grbić Vladimir Grbić Slobodan Kovač Đula Mešter Vasa Mijić Ivan Miljković Veljko Petković Goran Vujević Igor Vušurović |
Volleyball | Men's tournament |
| Sydney 2000 |
|
Jasna Šekarić | Shooting | Women's 10m air pistol |
| Sydney 2000 |
|
Aleksandar Ćirić Danilo Ikodinović Viktor Jelenić Nikola Kuljača Aleksandar Šapić Dejan Savić Aleksandar Šoštar Petar Trbojević Veljko Uskoković Jugoslav Vasović Vladimir Vujasinović Nenad Vukanić Predrag Zimonjić |
Water polo | Men's tournament |
| Athens 2004 |
|
Jasna Šekarić | Shooting | Women's 10m air pistol |
| Athens 2004 |
|
Aleksandar Ćirić Vladimir Gojković Danilo Ikodinović Viktor Jelenić Predrag Jokić Nikola Kuljača Slobodan Nikić Aleksandar Šapić Dejan Savić Denis Šefik Petar Trbojević Vanja Udovičić Vladimir Vujasinović |
Water polo | Men's tournament |