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Russia has participated in the Olympic Games under several aliases.
Olympic History[]
Russia has competed at the modern Olympic Games on many occasions, but as different nations in its history.
Russian Empire (1900-1912)[]
As the Russian Empire, the nation first competed at the 1900 Games, and returned again in 1908 and 1912.
Soviet Union (1920's-1992)[]
After the Russian revolution in 1917, and the subsequent establishment of the Soviet Union in 1922, it would be forty years until Russian athletes once again competed at the Olympics, as part of the Soviet Union at the 1952 Summer Olympics.
The Soviet Union hosted the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, and Russia hosted the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi.
After the Soviet Union's collapse (1991-present)[]
After the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, Russia competed as part of the Unified Team in 1992, and finally returned once again as Russia at the 1994 Winter Olympics.
The Russian Olympic Committee was created in 1991 and recognized in 1993.
In 2014, Russia had the largest delegation as the host for Sochi 2014.
In December 2017, it was announced the the Russian Olympic Committee was banned from the Olympic competition for Pyeongchang 2018 due to widespread doping allegations. Athletes from Russia will still be allowed to compete but are considered as Olympic Athlete from Russia. If a Russian athlete won a medal at the 2018 Olympics, the Olympic flag would be raised and if an athlete wins gold the Olympic anthem was played. All Russian athletes need to be cleared by a special board from IOC and medals won (by Russian athletes) would not be counted towards Russia's overall medal total. This was also the case for Tokyo 2020 and Beijing 2022, in which Russian athletes will compete under the code ROC.
In 2024, athletes from Russia and Belarus are not allowed to compete under their national flags and the Olympic flag. Instead, the athletes are assigned as Individual Neutral Athletes.
Russian athletes have won a total of 324 medals (316 since 1994) at the Summer Olympic Games and another 76 at the Winter Olympic Games. Over the most recent eight Games (since 1994), Russia's 392 total medals, including 141 gold medals, are second only to the United States (with 489 and 183, respectively).